@thesis{thesis,
		author={Rahardjo  Paulus Pramono},
		title ={A laboratory study of cone penetration resistance in dry sand using a miniature solid cone},
		year={2017},
		url={},
		abstract={This research has been conducted as a preliminary study to
develop a miniature cone and its applicability for future use with special
attention to liquefaction susceptibility. Previous studies have shown
that Static Cone Penetration Test (CPT) results. can be used
successfully to derive information on soil types and strength. Owing to
this fact, this research is performed to try to correlate the cone
penetration resistance with the density of the sand and to check the
validity of formulas derived from previous works related to prediction of
cone tip bearing resistance qc , in normally consolidated sand.
For this purpose, a large sample of sand is prepared in a box of
(.61mx.61m) and 4'(1.22 m) high using a funnel with adjustable
diameter and dropping height as to produce diferent densities of the
sand. The CPT is performed using two solid miniature cones, one with
0.625 in (15.875 mm) diameter (Cone 1) and the other with the same
diameter shaft but with enlarged tip of .825 in. (20.955 mm) (Cone 2).
The results are compared to predicted values of qc or angle of
internal friction using the available theories. From the comparison, it
is concluded that Schmertmann's experimental equation best fitted the
data and that the angle of internal friction varies with depth.
In addition, review on the factors influencing the cone
penetration resistance are presented to help anticipate the predictions
and understanding of the penetration test phenomena.}
		}