ANALISIS USAHA DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN\r\nUSAHA PENGGEMUKAN TERNAK SAPI POTONG RAKYAT\r\nDI KECAMATAN PELAIHARI KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT
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Institusion
Universitas Islam Kalimantan M A B Banjarmasin
Author
AMELIA, REZKY
Subject
SF Animal culture
Datestamp
2026-08-21 01:08:55
Abstract :
Usaha penggemukan sapi potong rakyat berperan penting dalam mendukung pemenuhan kebutuhan daging nasional serta peningkatan kesejahteraan peternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaan usaha, faktor internal-eksternal, alternatif strategi, dan prioritas strategi pengembangan di Kecamatan Pelaihari, Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Metode yang digunakan bersifat kuantitatif-deskriptif melalui survei terhadap 62 orang peternak dan (Focus Group Discussion) FGD bersama lima orang ahli. Analisis meliputi evaluasi usaha (biaya, penerimaan, keuntungan, dan RCR), SWOT, QSPM, serta AHP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan usaha layak dikembangkan secara teknis dan finansial, dengan biaya usaha berkisar Rp19.000.000-Rp27.000.000/ekor/periode, penerimaan Rp27.000.000-Rp39.000.000/ekor/periode, dan keuntungan bersih Rp3.000.000-Rp11.500.000/ekor/periode. Sapi limosin dan simental dengan sistem intensif memberikan margin keuntungan lebih tinggi dibanding sapi bali semi-intensif. Nilai RCR rata-rata sebesar 1,32 menyatakan bahwa usaha tergolong efisien. Faktor internal unggulan mencakup pengalaman peternak, ketersediaan pakan hijauan, dan tenaga kerja lokal, sementara kelemahan utama terletak pada aspek teknis serta skala usaha. Faktor eksternal meliputi peluang dari permintaan pasar dan dukungan program pemerintah, serta ancaman dari fluktuasi harga pakan konsentrat, risiko penyakit, dan rendahnya adopsi teknologi. Posisi SWOT berada pada Kuadran I (strategi agresif), dengan strategi prioritas yaitu optimalisasi pengalaman dan tenaga kerja lokal (SO1). Diperlukan peningkatan kapasitas teknis peternak dan dukungan kebijakan berkelanjutan untuk memperkuat daya saing usaha penggemukan sapi rakyat.\r\n\r\nSmallholder beef cattle fattening is a crucial activity in the livestock sector, significantly contributing to meeting national meat demand. This study aims to analyze business performance, identify internal and external factors influencing business development, formulate alternative strategies, and determine priority strategies for cattle fattening enterprises in Pelaihari District, Tanah Laut Regency. The research employed a quantitative-descriptive approach, utilizing surveys of 62 farmers and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with five experts. Data analysis included business analysis (costs, revenues, profits, and RCR), SWOT analysis, strategy formulation using the QSPM method, and strategy prioritization with the AHP approach. The results show that smallholder beef cattle fattening in Pelaihari District is feasible both technically and financially. The total production cost ranged from IDR 19,000,000 to 27,000,000 per head per cycle, with revenues of IDR 27,000,000 to 39,000,000 and net profits of IDR 3,000,000 to 11,500,000. Limousin and Simmental breeds under intensive systems provided higher profit margins compared to Bali cattle under semi-intensive systems. The average RCR value of 1.32 confirmed the efficiency of the business. Internal strengths included farmers\' experience, availability of feed and local labor, and market access, while weaknesses were found in technical aspects and small business scale. Externally, the main opportunities were strong market demand, government support programs, and local feed availability, whereas the main threats were fluctuating concentrate prices, disease risks, and low technology adoption. SWOT analysis positioned the business in Quadrant I (aggressive strategy), indicating high development potential. The priority strategy identified was SO1, namely optimizing farmers\' experience and labor to meet market demand, as confirmed by QSPM and AHP results. The study recommends enhancing farmers\' technical capacity and strengthening policy support to improve competitiveness and ensure the sustainability of smallholder beef cattle fattening enterprises.
Usaha penggemukan sapi potong rakyat berperan penting dalam mendukung pemenuhan kebutuhan daging nasional serta peningkatan kesejahteraan peternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaan usaha, faktor internal-eksternal, alternatif strategi, dan prioritas strategi pengembangan di Kecamatan Pelaihari, Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Metode yang digunakan bersifat kuantitatif-deskriptif melalui survei terhadap 62 orang peternak dan (Focus Group Discussion) FGD bersama lima orang ahli. Analisis meliputi evaluasi usaha (biaya, penerimaan, keuntungan, dan RCR), SWOT, QSPM, serta AHP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan usaha layak dikembangkan secara teknis dan finansial, dengan biaya usaha berkisar Rp19.000.000-Rp27.000.000/ekor/periode, penerimaan Rp27.000.000-Rp39.000.000/ekor/periode, dan keuntungan bersih Rp3.000.000-Rp11.500.000/ekor/periode. Sapi limosin dan simental dengan sistem intensif memberikan margin keuntungan lebih tinggi dibanding sapi bali semi-intensif. Nilai RCR rata-rata sebesar 1,32 menyatakan bahwa usaha tergolong efisien. Faktor internal unggulan mencakup pengalaman peternak, ketersediaan pakan hijauan, dan tenaga kerja lokal, sementara kelemahan utama terletak pada aspek teknis serta skala usaha. Faktor eksternal meliputi peluang dari permintaan pasar dan dukungan program pemerintah, serta ancaman dari fluktuasi harga pakan konsentrat, risiko penyakit, dan rendahnya adopsi teknologi. Posisi SWOT berada pada Kuadran I (strategi agresif), dengan strategi prioritas yaitu optimalisasi pengalaman dan tenaga kerja lokal (SO1). Diperlukan peningkatan kapasitas teknis peternak dan dukungan kebijakan berkelanjutan untuk memperkuat daya saing usaha penggemukan sapi rakyat.\r\n\r\nSmallholder beef cattle fattening is a crucial activity in the livestock sector, significantly contributing to meeting national meat demand. This study aims to analyze business performance, identify internal and external factors influencing business development, formulate alternative strategies, and determine priority strategies for cattle fattening enterprises in Pelaihari District, Tanah Laut Regency. The research employed a quantitative-descriptive approach, utilizing surveys of 62 farmers and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with five experts. Data analysis included business analysis (costs, revenues, profits, and RCR), SWOT analysis, strategy formulation using the QSPM method, and strategy prioritization with the AHP approach. The results show that smallholder beef cattle fattening in Pelaihari District is feasible both technically and financially. The total production cost ranged from IDR 19,000,000 to 27,000,000 per head per cycle, with revenues of IDR 27,000,000 to 39,000,000 and net profits of IDR 3,000,000 to 11,500,000. Limousin and Simmental breeds under intensive systems provided higher profit margins compared to Bali cattle under semi-intensive systems. The average RCR value of 1.32 confirmed the efficiency of the business. Internal strengths included farmers\' experience, availability of feed and local labor, and market access, while weaknesses were found in technical aspects and small business scale. Externally, the main opportunities were strong market demand, government support programs, and local feed availability, whereas the main threats were fluctuating concentrate prices, disease risks, and low technology adoption. SWOT analysis positioned the business in Quadrant I (aggressive strategy), indicating high development potential. The priority strategy identified was SO1, namely optimizing farmers\' experience and labor to meet market demand, as confirmed by QSPM and AHP results. The study recommends enhancing farmers\' technical capacity and strengthening policy support to improve competitiveness and ensure the sustainability of smallholder beef cattle fattening enterprises.
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