Pengaruh Pupuk Organik dan Anorganik terhadap Populasi Azospirillum sp., Nitrogen Tanah, Kadar Nitrogen Tanaman dan Hasil Jagung pada Tanah Inceptisols Jatinangor
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Institusion
Universitas Padjadjaran
Author
Utami, Diyah Sri
Subject
Datestamp
2021-11-29 00:00:00
Abstract :
ABSTRAK Diyah Sri Utami, 2021. Pengaruh Pupuk Organik dan Anorganik terhadap Populasi Azospirillum sp., Nitrogen Tanah, Kadar Nitrogen Tanaman dan Hasil Jagung pada Tanah Inceptisols Jatinangor. Dibimbing oleh Mieke Rochimi Setiawati dan Reginawanti Hindersah Kesuburan tanah Inceptisols relatif rendah, namun dapat ditingkatkan dengan teknologi yang tepat. Pemanfaatan limbah pertanian sebagai pupuk organik berpotensi untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah serta meningkatkan ketersediaan hara. Pemberian pupuk anorganik ditujukan untuk menyeimbangkan unsur hara tersedia sehingga produktivitas jagung meningkat. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara pupuk organik dan anorganik, serta pengaruh berbagai jenis kompos dan pupuk anorganik dalam meningkatkan nitrogen tanah, total populasi bakteri Azospirillum sp., kadar nitrogen tanaman, serta hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays) varietas Bisi-2 pada tanah Inceptisols. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Plastik, Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Laboratorium Kesuburan Tanah dan Nutrisi Tanaman serta Laboratorium Biologi Tanah Program Studi Ilmu Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran pada bulan Juli 2020 hingga Januari 2021. Metode analisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola Faktorial. Faktor pertama yaitu pupuk organik (jenis kompos) terdiri atas empat taraf, yaitu: tanpa kompos (kontrol), kompos jerami padi 10 ton ha-1, kompos ampas tebu 10 ton ha-1 dan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) 10 ton ha-1. Faktor ke dua yaitu pupuk anorganik pada berbagai dosis terdiri atas empat taraf, di antaranya: tanpa pupuk anorganik, 50% dosis anjuran pupuk anorganik, 75% dosis anjuran pupuk anorganik dan 100% dosis anjuran pupuk anorganik. Penelitian menghasilkan perlakuan pupuk organik kompos dan anorganik tidak memberikan pengaruh interaksi yang nyata terhadap respons. Aplikasi mandiri perlakuan 10 ton ha-1 kompos TKKS menghasilkan kadar nitrogen tanaman 2,20%, hasil panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot sebesar 16,42 cm, hasil diameter tongkol berkelobot dan tanpa kelobot masing-masing 3,82 cm dan 3,65 cm, serta bobot pipilan kering tanaman 88,52 g tanaman-1. Pengaruh mandiri aplikasi pupuk anorganik 50% dosis anjuran menghasilkan kadar nitrogen tanaman 2,15%, panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot 16,38 cm serta bobot pipilan kering tanaman 87,96 g tanaman-1. Kata kunci : Limbah pertanian, kualitas hasil panen, jagung (Zea mays), tanah Inceptisols ABSTRACT Diyah Sri Utami, 2021. Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Population of Azospirillum sp., Soil Nitrogen, Plant Nitrogen Content and Yield of Maize in Inceptisols Jatinangor Soil. Supervised by Mieke Rochimi Setiawati and Reginawanti Hindersah. Inceptisols soil fertility is relatively low, but can be increased with the right technology. The potential of agricultural waste as organic fertilizer to increase nutrient availability. Giving inorganic fertilizers are intended to balance available nutrients so that maize productivity increases. This research was conducted to determine the interaction between organic and inorganic fertilizers, as well as the effect of various types of compost and inorganic fertilizers to increasing the total bacterial population Azospirillum sp., soil nitrogen, plant nitrogen content and yield of maize (Zea mays) Bisi-2 variety on Inceptisols soil. This research was carried out at the Plastic House, Ciparanje, Experimental Garden, Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition and Laboratory of Soil Biology, Study Program of Soil Science and Land Resource, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University on July 2020 to January 2021. The method of analysis used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) pattern Factorial. First factor was the type of organic fertilizer (various compost) of four levels, including: without compost (control), rice straw compost 10 ton ha-1, bagasse compost 10 ton ha-1, oil palm empty fruit bunches compost (OPEFB) 10 ton ha-1. The second factor is the of inorganic fertilizer consisting of four levels, including: without inorganic fertilizer (control), inorganic fertilizer 50% recommended dose, inorganic fertilizer 75% recommended dose, inorganic fertilizer 100% recommended dose. This research resulted there was no significant interaction effect between organic (compost) and inorganic fertilizers to all parameters. The independent effect of organic fertilizer 10 ton ha-1 OPEFB compost resulted plant nitrogen content 2,20%, a length of cob without husks 16,42, diameter of with husks 3,82 cm and without husks 3,65 cm and a dry weight of 88,52 g plant-1. The independent effect application of 50% inorganic fertilizer dose recommendation has resulted in a plant nitrogen content of 2,15%, a length of cob wihtout husks 16,38 cm and a plant dry weight of 87,96 g plant-1. Keywords : Agriculture byproduct, yield quality, maize (Zea mays), Inceptisols soil
ABSTRAK Diyah Sri Utami, 2021. Pengaruh Pupuk Organik dan Anorganik terhadap Populasi Azospirillum sp., Nitrogen Tanah, Kadar Nitrogen Tanaman dan Hasil Jagung pada Tanah Inceptisols Jatinangor. Dibimbing oleh Mieke Rochimi Setiawati dan Reginawanti Hindersah Kesuburan tanah Inceptisols relatif rendah, namun dapat ditingkatkan dengan teknologi yang tepat. Pemanfaatan limbah pertanian sebagai pupuk organik berpotensi untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah serta meningkatkan ketersediaan hara. Pemberian pupuk anorganik ditujukan untuk menyeimbangkan unsur hara tersedia sehingga produktivitas jagung meningkat. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara pupuk organik dan anorganik, serta pengaruh berbagai jenis kompos dan pupuk anorganik dalam meningkatkan nitrogen tanah, total populasi bakteri Azospirillum sp., kadar nitrogen tanaman, serta hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays) varietas Bisi-2 pada tanah Inceptisols. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Plastik, Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Laboratorium Kesuburan Tanah dan Nutrisi Tanaman serta Laboratorium Biologi Tanah Program Studi Ilmu Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran pada bulan Juli 2020 hingga Januari 2021. Metode analisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola Faktorial. Faktor pertama yaitu pupuk organik (jenis kompos) terdiri atas empat taraf, yaitu: tanpa kompos (kontrol), kompos jerami padi 10 ton ha-1, kompos ampas tebu 10 ton ha-1 dan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) 10 ton ha-1. Faktor ke dua yaitu pupuk anorganik pada berbagai dosis terdiri atas empat taraf, di antaranya: tanpa pupuk anorganik, 50% dosis anjuran pupuk anorganik, 75% dosis anjuran pupuk anorganik dan 100% dosis anjuran pupuk anorganik. Penelitian menghasilkan perlakuan pupuk organik kompos dan anorganik tidak memberikan pengaruh interaksi yang nyata terhadap respons. Aplikasi mandiri perlakuan 10 ton ha-1 kompos TKKS menghasilkan kadar nitrogen tanaman 2,20%, hasil panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot sebesar 16,42 cm, hasil diameter tongkol berkelobot dan tanpa kelobot masing-masing 3,82 cm dan 3,65 cm, serta bobot pipilan kering tanaman 88,52 g tanaman-1. Pengaruh mandiri aplikasi pupuk anorganik 50% dosis anjuran menghasilkan kadar nitrogen tanaman 2,15%, panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot 16,38 cm serta bobot pipilan kering tanaman 87,96 g tanaman-1. Kata kunci : Limbah pertanian, kualitas hasil panen, jagung (Zea mays), tanah Inceptisols ABSTRACT Diyah Sri Utami, 2021. Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Population of Azospirillum sp., Soil Nitrogen, Plant Nitrogen Content and Yield of Maize in Inceptisols Jatinangor Soil. Supervised by Mieke Rochimi Setiawati and Reginawanti Hindersah. Inceptisols soil fertility is relatively low, but can be increased with the right technology. The potential of agricultural waste as organic fertilizer to increase nutrient availability. Giving inorganic fertilizers are intended to balance available nutrients so that maize productivity increases. This research was conducted to determine the interaction between organic and inorganic fertilizers, as well as the effect of various types of compost and inorganic fertilizers to increasing the total bacterial population Azospirillum sp., soil nitrogen, plant nitrogen content and yield of maize (Zea mays) Bisi-2 variety on Inceptisols soil. This research was carried out at the Plastic House, Ciparanje, Experimental Garden, Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition and Laboratory of Soil Biology, Study Program of Soil Science and Land Resource, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University on July 2020 to January 2021. The method of analysis used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) pattern Factorial. First factor was the type of organic fertilizer (various compost) of four levels, including: without compost (control), rice straw compost 10 ton ha-1, bagasse compost 10 ton ha-1, oil palm empty fruit bunches compost (OPEFB) 10 ton ha-1. The second factor is the of inorganic fertilizer consisting of four levels, including: without inorganic fertilizer (control), inorganic fertilizer 50% recommended dose, inorganic fertilizer 75% recommended dose, inorganic fertilizer 100% recommended dose. This research resulted there was no significant interaction effect between organic (compost) and inorganic fertilizers to all parameters. The independent effect of organic fertilizer 10 ton ha-1 OPEFB compost resulted plant nitrogen content 2,20%, a length of cob without husks 16,42, diameter of with husks 3,82 cm and without husks 3,65 cm and a dry weight of 88,52 g plant-1. The independent effect application of 50% inorganic fertilizer dose recommendation has resulted in a plant nitrogen content of 2,15%, a length of cob wihtout husks 16,38 cm and a plant dry weight of 87,96 g plant-1. Keywords : Agriculture byproduct, yield quality, maize (Zea mays), Inceptisols soil
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