Abstract :
ABSTRAK
PERBEDAAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMILPREEKLAMPSIA
DENGAN KEHAMILAN NORMAL
Literature Review
Oleh :
Herwin Ida Nur Rizki
181310027
Preeklampsia (PE) merupakan hipertensi yang terjadi dalam kehamilan
disertai dengan proteinuria serta edema yang muncul setelah kehamilan minggu
ke-20. Penyebab preeklampsia masih belum diketahui secara pasti sehingga
disebut ?the disease of theories?. Penurunan pada sejumlah organ serta sistem
diperkirakan sebagai akibat dari gangguan vasokonstriksi umum serta fungsi sel
endotel yang abnormal atau disfungsi endotel. Selain itu terjadi penurunan volume
plasma yang menyebabkan terjadi peningkatan hemokonsentrasi setelah itu terjadi
peningkatan viskositas darah yang diidentifikasi dengan terjadinya peningkatan
kadar hemoglobin. Preeklampsia adalah penyebab kematian ibu hamil dan
perinatal di Indonesia. Menurut Dinkes Provinsi Jawa Timur bahwa angka
kematian ibu pada tahun 2019 yaitu preeklampsia/eklampsia sebesar 31,15%.
Tujuan literature review ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar hemoglobin pada
ibu hamil preeklampsia dengan kehamilan normal.
Metode dalam pencarian sumber data artikel dilakukan melalui database
Pubmed, Research Gate, dan Google Scholar dalam kurun waktu lima tahun
terakhir (2016-2021) sebanyak 6 jurnal. Desain penelitian yaitu literature review
dengan format PICOS. Populasi yang dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin
adalah ibu hamil baik preeklampsia dan ibu hamil normal.
Berdasarkan hasil literature review dari 6 jurnal bahwa kadar
hemoglobin pada ibu hamil preeklampsia lebih tinggi dibandingkan ibu hamil
normal dengan rata-rata kadar hemoglobin > 11 g/dL.
Berdasarkan literature review dari 6 jurnal dapat disimpulkan bahwa
rata-rata kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil preeklampsia lebih tinggi daripada ibu
hamil normal atau kehamilan normal, dengan peningkatan kadar hemoglobin pada
ibu hamil preeklampsia terjadi karena beberapa faktor penyebabnya (multiple
causation).
Kata Kunci : Hemoglobin, Preeklampsia, Kehamilan Normal
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ABSTRACT
DIFFERENCES IN HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN PREECLAMPSIA PREGNANCY
WOMEN AND NORMAL PREGNANCY
Literature Review
By :
Herwin Ida Nur Rizki
181310027
Preeclampsia (PE) is hypertension that occurs in pregnancy
accompanied by proteinuria and edema that appears after pregnancy in the 20th
week. The cause of preeclampsia is still not known with certainty so it is
called "the disease of theories". Decreases in a number of organs and systems is
thought to result from impaired generalized vasoconstriction as well as abnormal
endothelial cell function or endothelial dysfunction. In addition, there is a
decrease in plasma volume which causes an increase in hemoconcentration after
that an increase in blood viscosity is identified by an increase in hemoglobin
levels. Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal death in
Indonesia. According to the East Java Provincial Health stated that the maternal
mortality rate in 2019 was preeclampsia/eclampsia by 31.15%. The purpose of
this review was to know the differences in levels of hemoglobin in pregnant
women with normal pregnancy preeclampsia.
The method in searching for article data sources was carried out through
the Pubmed, Research Gate, and Google Scholar databases in the last five
years (2016-2021) as many as 6 journals. The research design was a literature
review with the PICOS format. The population whose hemoglobin levels were
checked were pregnant women, both preeclampsia and normal pregnant women.
Based on the results of a literature review from 6 journals that
hemoglobin levels in pre-eclamptic pregnant women were higher than normal
pregnant women with an average hemoglobin level of > 11 g/dL.
Based on a literature review from 6 journals, it can be concluded that the
average hemoglobin level in pre-eclamptic pregnant women is higher than normal
pregnant women or normal pregnancies with increased hemoglobin levels in
preeclamptic pregnant women due to multiple causation factors.
Keywords: Hemoglobin, Preeclampsia, Normal Pregnancy