Abstract :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh struktur modal
terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan pembiayaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek
Indonesia periode 2017-2020 sebelum dan saat sedang terjadi pandemi Covid19. Variabel yang digunakan untuk mengukur struktur modal adalah debt to
equity ratio (DER), debt to asset ratio (DAR), equity to asset ratio (EAR) dan
long term debt to equity ratio (LTDE). Sedangkan variabel yang digunakan
untuk mengukur kinerja keuangan perusahaan adalah rasio profitabilitas return
on equity (ROE).
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, yang diukur
menggunakan data panel yang merupakan gabungan antara data deret waktu
(time-series) dan data deret lintang (cross-section) dan diolah menggunakan
software Eviews 12. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang
terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2017 sampai dengan tahun 2020.
Sampel ditentukan berdasarkan metode purposive sampling, dengan jumlah
sampel sebanyak 14 perusahaan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini
berupa data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode
dokumentasi melalui situs resmi IDX: www.idx.co.id. Pengujian hipotesis
menggunakan regresi data panel, uji t, uji f dan uji koefisien.
Hasil penelitian sebelum pandemi menunjukkan bahwa Debt to Equity
Ratio (DER) berpengaruh negatif terhadap Return on Equity Ratio (ROE),
Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) berpengaruh positif terhadap Return on Equity
Ratio (ROE), Equity to Asset Ratio (EAR) tidak berpengaruh dan tidak
signifikan terhadap Return on Equity Ratio (ROE) dan Long Term Debt to
Equity Ratio (LTDE) tidak berpengaruh terhadap Return on Equity Ratio
(ROE). Dan saat pandemi Covid-19 terjadi hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa
DER, DAR, EAR & LTDE tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROE.
This study aims to determine the effect of capital structure on the financial
performance of finance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for
the 2017-2020 period before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The variables
used to measure the capital structure are debt to equity ratio (DER), debt to
asset ratio (DAR), equity to asset ratio (EAR) and long term debt to equity ratio
(LTDE). Meanwhile, the variable used to measure the company's financial
performance is the return on equity (ROE) profitability ratio.
This study uses quantitative research methods, which are measured using
panel data which is a combination of time-series data and cross-sectional data
and is processed using Eviews 12 software. The population of this study are
companies listed on the Stock Exchange. Indonesia Stock from 2017 to 2020.
The sample was determined based on the purposive sampling method, with a
total sample of 14 companies. The data used in this research is secondary data.
The data collection technique uses the documentation method through the
official IDX website: www.idx.co.id. Hypothesis testing using panel data
regression, t test, f test and coefficient test.
The results of the research before the pandemic showed that Debt to Equity
Ratio (DER) had a negative effect on Return on Equity Ratio (ROE), Debt to
Asset Ratio (DAR) had a positive effect on Return on Equity Ratio (ROE),
Equity to Asset Ratio (EAR) did not influential and insignificant to Return on
Equity Ratio (ROE) and Long Term Debt to Equity Ratio (LTDE) did not affect
Return on Equity Ratio (ROE). And when the Covid-19 pandemic occurred, the
results showed that DER, DAR, EAR & LTDE had no effect on ROE.