Abstract :
This research discusses a novel which written by Sue Monk Kidd entitled The Secret
Life of Bees. The novel tells a story about Lily Owens that is seeking for the truth
about her mother in the past. Regarding to the domination of women characters in the
story, which are Rosaleen, August Boatwright, June Boatwright and May Boatwright,
the writer aims to describe the matriarchal society issue that is often regarded as the
opposed of patriarchy. This thesis has one research question which is how levels of
matriarchal society described in the novel The Secret Life of Bees.
In this study, the writer applies descriptive qualitative method and typically library
research. The data are in the form of the dialogues and narrations. This thesis applies
socio-historical approach in order to look at the relation between literary work and
society?s historical elements that happen in the past. Further, this thesis uses
matriarchy theory by Heide Göettner-Abendroth, in which matriarchal society could
be observed through four levels, there are social level, political level, economical
level and cultural and spiritual level.
The results of the analysis show that The Secret Life of Bees novel by Sue Monk Kidd
clearly depicts matriarchal society. At social level, women characters show a
sisterhood relationship as the common practice of matriarchal society with the same
responsibility within the community. At political level, August character is shown as
the matriarch or the leader in community with important role for overcoming conflict
and decision making process. At economical level, it shows that matriarchal society
common practice has right and same position in economic affair and giving gift each
other to make the economic condition balance. Last, at spiritual and cultural level, it
is described that women characters in The Secret Life of Bees believe in feminine
divine which is the Black Mary and doing worship for her.
Key words: Levels of Matriarchal Society, Matriarchy, Matriarchal Society, Socio?historical Approach, The Secret Life of Bees