Abstract :
Anemia merupakan keadaan dimana massa eritrosit dan massa
hemoglobin yang beredar tidak memenuhi fungsinya untuk menyediakan
oksigen bagi jaringan tubuh. Anemia, selain disebabkan oleh defisiensi zat
besi dapat juga disebabkan oleh defisiensi berbagai zat gizi yang
memberikan kontribusi terhadap metabolisme zat besi di dalam tubuh,
seperti Vitamin A, Vitamin C, B12, asam folat, zinc, dan protein.
Penyebab utama anemia pada remaja putri adalah karena kurangnya
asupan zat gizi melalui makanan sedangkan kebutuhan zat besinya relatif
tinggi untuk pertumbuhan dan menstruasi.
Hasil penelitian pada 40 orang siswi SMA 14 Jakarta didapatkan
remaja putri yang > 3 kali perminggu mengkonsumsi makanan berlemak,
makanan berprotein tinggi, sayuran, buah, dan makanan yang manis
sebesar 77,5% (31 responden), IMT normal (IMT 18,5-25,0) yaitu sebesar
85% (34 responden), tidak mengalami anemia yaitu sebesar 77,5% (31
responden).
Diperoleh bahwa dari total 9 responden yang pola makan ? 3 kali
perminggu mengkonsumsi makanan berlemak, makanan berprotein tinggi,
sayuran, buah, dan makanan yang manis sebagian besar mengalami
anemia sebanyak 5 responden (55,6%) .Sedangkan dari total 31 responden
yang pola makan > 3 kali perminggu mengkonsumsi makanan berlemak,
makanan berprotein tinggi, sayuran, buah, dan makanan yang manis
sebagian besar tidak menglami anemia yaitu sebanyak 27 responden
(87,1%). Diperoleh bahwa dari total 6 responden yang IMT kategori kurus
(IMT ? 17) sebagian besar responden mengalami anemia sebanyak 4
responden (66,7%), sedangkan dari total 34 responden yang IMT kategori
normal (IMT 18,5-25,0) sebagian besar responden tidak mengalami
anemia yaitu sebanyak 29 responden (85,3%).
Kata Kunci : Pola makan, IMT, Anemia. / Anemia is a condition where the erythrocyte mass and circulating
hemoglobin mass do not fulfill its function to provide oxygen to the body's
tissues. Anemia, besides being caused by iron deficiency can also be caused by a
deficiency of various nutrients that contribute to iron metabolism in the body,
such as Vitamin A, Vitamin C, B12, folic acid, zinc, and protein. The main cause
of anemia in young women is due to a lack of nutrient intake through food while
the iron needs are relatively high for growth and menstruation. The results of the
study on 40 high school 14 Jakarta students found that girls who> 3 times
consumed fatty foods, high protein foods, vegetables, fruits, and sweet foods were
77.5% (31 respondents), normal BMI (BMI 18.5). -25.0) that is equal to 85% (34
respondents), did not experience anemia that is equal to 77.5% (31 respondents).
It was found that out of a total of 9 respondents who ate ? 3 times a week eating
fatty foods, high protein foods, vegetables, fruits and sweet foods were mostly
anemic as many as 5 respondents (55.6%). While a total of 31 respondents were
patterned eating> 3 times a week consuming fatty foods, high protein foods,
vegetables, fruits, and sweet foods mostly did not have anemia, namely as many
as 27 respondents (87.1%). It was found that out of a total of 6 respondents who
were underweight categories (BMI T 17) the majority of respondents experienced
anemia as many as 4 respondents (66.7%), whereas from a total of 34 respondents
who had a normal category BMI (BMI 18.5-25.0) the number of respondents did
not experience anemia as many as 29 respondents (85.3%). Keywords: Diet, BMI,
Anemia.