Profil Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome pada Orang Asli Papua Penderita Kusta di Kota Jayapura pada Tahun 2017-2019
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Institusion
Universitas Kristen Indonesia
Author
Reba, Timothy Verellino Patrick
Subject
MEDICINE
Datestamp
2024-09-24 07:38:12
Abstract :
Pengendalian penyakit kusta saat ini berdasarkan pada deteksi dini kasus dan pengobatan dengan menggunakan rejimen Multi Drug Therapy (MDT), salah satu komponen terapinya adalah dapson, sebagai antibiotika dan anti-inflamasi. Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS) salah satu efek samping dapson. Diketahui bahwa kasus di Papua cukup tinggi di Indonesia dibandingkan dengan daerah lain. Oleh karena itu penting diketahui profil DHS di Kota Jayapura sebagai barometer kesehatan di Papua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat profil DHS pada orang asli Papua penderita kusta di Puskesmas kota Jayapura. Terdapat 36 penderita DHS 34 (94,4%) penderita diantaranya adalah orang asli Papua dan 2 (5,6%) penderita non Papua. Kelompok umur terbanyak pada usia 17-60 tahun berjumlah 26 (76,5%) penderita. Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan sebanyak 18 (53%) penderita. Jenis kusta terbanyak adalah multibasiler (MB) sebanyak 31 (91,2%) penderita. Lamanya pemberian MDT dan timbulnya gejala klinis DHS terbanyak pada minggu ke-4 sebanyak 23 (67,6%) penderita. Gejala klinis yang muncul paling sering yaitu demam, kulit mengelupas, sklera ikterik dan anemia didapatkan pada 31 (91,2%) penderita. Pemberian steroid sebagai pilihan terapi dengan tapering off paling banyak ditemukan selama 36-40 hari terapi didapatkan pada 18 (53%) penderita, sedangkan terapi kurang 30 hari didapatkan 3 (8,8%) penderita meninggal dunia. Kesimpulannya, DHS pada orang asli Papua di Kota Jayapura lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan non Papua. Gejala klinis terbanyak timbul pada minggu ke-4. Terapi yang diberikan adalah steroid dengan tapering off dengan waktu rata-rata sampai 40 hari. Kata Kunci: Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS), Orang Papua. / Leprosy control is currently based on early detection of cases and treatment using the Multi Drug Therapy (MDT) regimen, one of the therapeutic components is dapsone, as an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory. Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS) is a side effect of dapsone. It is known that cases in Papua are quite high in Indonesia compared to other regions. Therefore, it is important to know the DHS profile in Jayapura City as a health barometer in Papua. The purpose of this study was to see the DHS profile of Papuans affected by leprosy at the Jayapura City Health Center. There were 36 DHS sufferers 34 (94.4%) were Papuans and 2 (5.6%) were non-Papuan. Most age groups aged 17-60 years were 26 (76.5%) sufferers. Most of the sexes were women as many as 18 (53%) sufferers. Most types of leprosy are multibacillary (MB), as many as 31 (91.2%) sufferers. The duration of MDT administration and the appearance of the most clinical symptoms of DHS at week 4 were 23 (67.6%) patients. The clinical symptoms that appeared most often were fever, peeling skin, icteric sclerae and anemia were found in 31 (91.2%) patients. Steroid administration as a therapeutic option with tapering off was mostly found during 36-40 days of therapy in 18 (53%) patients, while therapy for less than 30 days resulted in 3 (8.8%) patients who died. In conclusion, the DHS among Papuans in Jayapura City is higher than that of non-Papuans. Most clinical symptoms occur at week 4. The therapy given is steroids with tapering off with an average time of up to 40 days. Keywords: Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS), Papuans
Pengendalian penyakit kusta saat ini berdasarkan pada deteksi dini kasus dan pengobatan dengan menggunakan rejimen Multi Drug Therapy (MDT), salah satu komponen terapinya adalah dapson, sebagai antibiotika dan anti-inflamasi. Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS) salah satu efek samping dapson. Diketahui bahwa kasus di Papua cukup tinggi di Indonesia dibandingkan dengan daerah lain. Oleh karena itu penting diketahui profil DHS di Kota Jayapura sebagai barometer kesehatan di Papua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat profil DHS pada orang asli Papua penderita kusta di Puskesmas kota Jayapura. Terdapat 36 penderita DHS 34 (94,4%) penderita diantaranya adalah orang asli Papua dan 2 (5,6%) penderita non Papua. Kelompok umur terbanyak pada usia 17-60 tahun berjumlah 26 (76,5%) penderita. Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan sebanyak 18 (53%) penderita. Jenis kusta terbanyak adalah multibasiler (MB) sebanyak 31 (91,2%) penderita. Lamanya pemberian MDT dan timbulnya gejala klinis DHS terbanyak pada minggu ke-4 sebanyak 23 (67,6%) penderita. Gejala klinis yang muncul paling sering yaitu demam, kulit mengelupas, sklera ikterik dan anemia didapatkan pada 31 (91,2%) penderita. Pemberian steroid sebagai pilihan terapi dengan tapering off paling banyak ditemukan selama 36-40 hari terapi didapatkan pada 18 (53%) penderita, sedangkan terapi kurang 30 hari didapatkan 3 (8,8%) penderita meninggal dunia. Kesimpulannya, DHS pada orang asli Papua di Kota Jayapura lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan non Papua. Gejala klinis terbanyak timbul pada minggu ke-4. Terapi yang diberikan adalah steroid dengan tapering off dengan waktu rata-rata sampai 40 hari. Kata Kunci: Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS), Orang Papua. / Leprosy control is currently based on early detection of cases and treatment using the Multi Drug Therapy (MDT) regimen, one of the therapeutic components is dapsone, as an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory. Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS) is a side effect of dapsone. It is known that cases in Papua are quite high in Indonesia compared to other regions. Therefore, it is important to know the DHS profile in Jayapura City as a health barometer in Papua. The purpose of this study was to see the DHS profile of Papuans affected by leprosy at the Jayapura City Health Center. There were 36 DHS sufferers 34 (94.4%) were Papuans and 2 (5.6%) were non-Papuan. Most age groups aged 17-60 years were 26 (76.5%) sufferers. Most of the sexes were women as many as 18 (53%) sufferers. Most types of leprosy are multibacillary (MB), as many as 31 (91.2%) sufferers. The duration of MDT administration and the appearance of the most clinical symptoms of DHS at week 4 were 23 (67.6%) patients. The clinical symptoms that appeared most often were fever, peeling skin, icteric sclerae and anemia were found in 31 (91.2%) patients. Steroid administration as a therapeutic option with tapering off was mostly found during 36-40 days of therapy in 18 (53%) patients, while therapy for less than 30 days resulted in 3 (8.8%) patients who died. In conclusion, the DHS among Papuans in Jayapura City is higher than that of non-Papuans. Most clinical symptoms occur at week 4. The therapy given is steroids with tapering off with an average time of up to 40 days. Keywords: Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS), Papuans
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