OPTIMASI KOMPOSISI DEODORISASI VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) MENGGUNAKAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM)
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Institusion
Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang
Author
NURLAILAH, NIM. 94217001
Subject
T Technology (General)
Datestamp
2020-05-16 06:23:28
Abstract :
COMPOSITION OPTIMIZATION DEODORIZATION VIRGIN COCONUT (VCO) OIL USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM) Nurlailah, Erna Yuliwati*, Dian Kharismadewi Post Graduated Chemical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang *Correctponding author : *erna_yuliwati@um-palembang.ac.id *deeyuliwati@gmail.com ABSTRACT Indonesia as the largest coconut producing country in the world is still not maximized, the next challenge for the government is to develop the coconut processing industry in an integrated manner in Indonesia. The development of coconut-based industries has good prospects, where alternative products that can be developed include Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), which is one of the edible oils as a nutritional supplement for health. Some medium chain fatty acids contained in VCO are caprilic acid (C8) as much as 5.0-10.0%, capric acid (C10) as much as 4.5-8.0% and lauric acid (C12) as much as 43-53% which can increase the resistance of the human body to disease and speed up the healing process. VCO which is odorless and colorless, free of sediment. To remove odors from VCO in this study bio-adsorbents from betung bamboo activated carbon (Dendrocalamus asper) were used. Determination of the type of bio-adsorbent uses a chromatographic column and optimizes the composition of bio-adsorbents with the Design of Experiment (DoE) method on VCO products. This study will use coconut shell activated carbon as a comparison. The results of the column chromatography process will determine the best activated carbon can be seen from the value of free fatty acid (ALB) and its density. The optimum bio-adsorbent composition will be obtained from the optimum results using Design Expert version 11 with Response Surface Methodology (RSM). RSM is a method that can be used to get the optimum value of a multi-variable process in obtaining maximum results. From the results of this study it was found that the bio-adsorbent used was bamboo betung (Dendrocalamus asper) porosity and particle size was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) method, the most influential variable was the amount of bio-adsorbent (betung bamboo), VCO odor was deodorization indicator. Residuals generated for prediction and actual experiments stated that the suitability of the selected model was the cubic polynomial model, the optimum composition at 33 hours of adsorption bio-adsorbent was 150gr and 411.75gr adsorbate. The resulting product has a value in accordance with the VCO quality standard with odor standard value (1) meaning odorless, color (1) means clear, density 0.91630gr/mL according to the standard 0.915-0.920gr/mL and ALB/FFA 0,0602067% according to the standard <0.5% (SNI)-7381-2008. Based on the first order reaction kinetics equation, the optimum absorption (% adsorption) conditions on the composition of 200gr bio-adsorbent bamboo betung to adsorbate (VCO) 366gr at 24 hours was 80.59026%. Keywords : Optimum Composition of Bio-Adsoben, deodorization, Column Chromatography, Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper), Response Surface Methodology.
COMPOSITION OPTIMIZATION DEODORIZATION VIRGIN COCONUT (VCO) OIL USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM) Nurlailah, Erna Yuliwati*, Dian Kharismadewi Post Graduated Chemical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang *Correctponding author : *erna_yuliwati@um-palembang.ac.id *deeyuliwati@gmail.com ABSTRACT Indonesia as the largest coconut producing country in the world is still not maximized, the next challenge for the government is to develop the coconut processing industry in an integrated manner in Indonesia. The development of coconut-based industries has good prospects, where alternative products that can be developed include Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), which is one of the edible oils as a nutritional supplement for health. Some medium chain fatty acids contained in VCO are caprilic acid (C8) as much as 5.0-10.0%, capric acid (C10) as much as 4.5-8.0% and lauric acid (C12) as much as 43-53% which can increase the resistance of the human body to disease and speed up the healing process. VCO which is odorless and colorless, free of sediment. To remove odors from VCO in this study bio-adsorbents from betung bamboo activated carbon (Dendrocalamus asper) were used. Determination of the type of bio-adsorbent uses a chromatographic column and optimizes the composition of bio-adsorbents with the Design of Experiment (DoE) method on VCO products. This study will use coconut shell activated carbon as a comparison. The results of the column chromatography process will determine the best activated carbon can be seen from the value of free fatty acid (ALB) and its density. The optimum bio-adsorbent composition will be obtained from the optimum results using Design Expert version 11 with Response Surface Methodology (RSM). RSM is a method that can be used to get the optimum value of a multi-variable process in obtaining maximum results. From the results of this study it was found that the bio-adsorbent used was bamboo betung (Dendrocalamus asper) porosity and particle size was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) method, the most influential variable was the amount of bio-adsorbent (betung bamboo), VCO odor was deodorization indicator. Residuals generated for prediction and actual experiments stated that the suitability of the selected model was the cubic polynomial model, the optimum composition at 33 hours of adsorption bio-adsorbent was 150gr and 411.75gr adsorbate. The resulting product has a value in accordance with the VCO quality standard with odor standard value (1) meaning odorless, color (1) means clear, density 0.91630gr/mL according to the standard 0.915-0.920gr/mL and ALB/FFA 0,0602067% according to the standard <0.5% (SNI)-7381-2008. Based on the first order reaction kinetics equation, the optimum absorption (% adsorption) conditions on the composition of 200gr bio-adsorbent bamboo betung to adsorbate (VCO) 366gr at 24 hours was 80.59026%. Keywords : Optimum Composition of Bio-Adsoben, deodorization, Column Chromatography, Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper), Response Surface Methodology.
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