Abstract :
ABSTRAK
Hutan Mangrove adalah sumberdaya alam daerah pesisir yang memiliki
peran penting terhadap aktivitas makhluk hidup. Dimana hutan mangrove
memiliki nilai guna langsung dan tidak langsung yang dapat diperoleh makhluk
hidup. Salah satu hutan mangrove yang ada di indonesia yaitu Hutan bakau Pantai
Timur Jambi yang tersebar di beberapa Kecamatan di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung
Timur salah satunya di Kecamtan Kuala Jambi dengan luas 77,36 Ha yang
sebagian besar terletak di Kelurahan Tanjung Solok dan Kampung Laut. Hutan
mangrove di Kelurahan Tanjung Solok dan Kampung Laut dimanfaat masyarakat
sebagai tempat mencari ikan, udang, kepiting, sumbun, kerang dan madu serta
dijadikan destinasi wisata hutan mangrove oleh masyarakat setempat. Data
diambil dengan cara wawancara terstruktur dengan bantuan kuisioner yang sudah
disusun sesuai kebutuhan data yang diperlukan. Pengambilan responden
ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling untuk manfaat
langsung sebanyak 51 responden yang merupakan nelayan dan metode accidental
sampling untuk manfaat tidak langsung sebanyak 100 responden yang merupakan
pengunjung yang datang ke ekowisata hutan mangrove. Menggunakan analisis
data pendekatan nilai pasar (marketed) untuk manfaat langsung dan analisis data
pendekatan biaya perjalanan (travel cost method). Hasil penelitian yang telah
dilakukan terdapat dua manfaat dari kawasan hutan mangrove di Kecamatan
Kuala Jambi yaitu manfaat langsung dan manfaat tidak langsung. Manfaat
langsung diantaranya terdapat 13 jenis ikan, 5 jenis udang, 2 jenis kerang, kepiting
dan madu. Dari ke lima manfaat langsung yang didapatkan jika diurutkan dari
manfaat tertinggi ke terendah yaitu pemanfaatan ikan (49,47%), udang (40,98%),
kerang (4,82%), kepiting (4,71%), dan madu (0,02%). Kelima jenis manfaat
langsung tersebut memberikan kontribusi terbesar senilai
Rp.932.181.000,00/Tahun. Pemanfaatan tidak langsung dengan menilai biaya
perjalanan wisatawan menuju objek wisata hutan mangrove yang memberikan
sumbangan sebesar Rp.224.817.870,00/Tahun. Sehingga didapatkan total nilai
pemanfaatan kawasan hutan mangrove sebesar Rp.1.156.998.870,00/Tahun.
Kata Kunci : Valuasi Ekonomi, Pemanfaatan Kawasan Hutan, Hutan Mangrove.
ABSTRACT
Mangrove forests are natural resources in coastal areas which have an
important role in the activities of living creatures. Where mangrove forests have
direct and indirect use values that can be obtained by living creatures. One of the
mangrove forests in Indonesia is the Jambi East Coast mangrove forest which is
spread across several sub-districts in East Tanjung Jabung Regency, one of which
is in Kuala Jambi District with an area of 77.36 Ha, most of which are located in
Tanjung Solok and Kampung Laut sub-districts. The mangrove forests in Tanjung
Solok and Kampung Laut sub-districts are used by the community as a place to
find fish, shrimp, crabs, wicks, shellfish and honey and are used as mangrove
forest tourist destinations by the local community. Data was collected by means of
structured interviews with the help of questionnaires that had been prepared
according to the required data requirements. The selection of respondents was
determined using the purposive sampling method for direct benefits of 51
respondents who were fishermen and the accidental sampling method for indirect
benefits of 100 respondents who were visitors who came to mangrove forest
ecotourism. Using market value approach data analysis for direct benefits and
travel cost method data analysis. The results of the research that has been carried
out show two benefits from the mangrove forest area in Kuala Jambi District,
namely direct benefits and indirect benefits. Direct benefits include 13 types of
fish, 5 types of shrimp, 2 types of shellfish, crab and honey. Of the five direct
benefits obtained if sorted from highest to lowest benefits, namely the use of fish
(49.47%), shrimp (40.98%), shellfish (4.82%), crab (4.71%), and honey. (0.02%).
These five types of direct benefits provide the largest contribution worth IDR
932,181,000.00/year. Indirect utilization by assessing the travel costs of tourists
to mangrove forest tourist attractions which provides a contribution of IDR
224,817,870.00/year. So the total utilization value of the mangrove forest area is
IDR 1,156,998,870.00/year.
Keywords : Economic Valuation, Utilization of Forest Areas, Mangrove Forest.